Granite is a hard, coarse-grained rock that makes up a large part of every continent. Granite contains three main minerals - quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase feldspar. These minerals make granite white, pink, or light gray. Granite also contains small amounts of dark brown, dark-green, or black minerals, such as hornblende and biotite mica. The grains of the minerals in granite are large enough that they can easily be distinguished.

Nominal chemical composition of various oxides in granite are:
Silica(SiO2) ---------------------- 70-77%
Alumina(Al2O3) ----------------- 11- 14%
Potassium Oxide(P2O5) --------- 3 - 5%
Soda(Na2O) ------------------------ 3 - 5%
Lime ----------------------------------- 1%
Iron(Fe2O3) -------------------------- 1-2%
Iron(FeO) ----------------------------- 1 - 3%
Magnesia(Mg0) ------------------------- .5 - 1%
Titina ---------------------------------- Less than 1%(.38%)
Water(H2O) --------------------------- 0.03%